When launching liferay for the first time with an empty database, the initialization process goes by checkCompany of CompanyLocalService and tries to create the default user and admin.
When creating those users and if ldap.auth.enabled=true and ldap.export.enabled=true, an error occurs and the transaction is rolled back which means no company, default user or user is created...
By the way this bug is related to
LEP-5671 but is not the same.